2017 考博英语 阅读题源经济学人文章每日精析(七十五)
考博英语阅读大部分博士研究生招生院校都使用《经济学人》杂志文章作为题源,旭晨教育考博频道为考博生们将其中的文章进行深度分析,希望能提高大家的考博英语阅读水平,读懂长难句。
导读
美国中央情报局前雇员爱德华•斯诺登抖出了美国政府的“棱镜”计划。通过这个计划,美国政府秘密搜集与分析民众的通话、照片、电子邮件、文档等诸多个人数据。监控的范围不仅包括与境外联系的美国公民,甚至包括了欧洲与亚洲地区的用户。
Spying in America
间谍行动在美国
How Edward Snowden changed history
爱德华•斯诺登是如何改变历史的
A damning account of a devastating intelligence breach
关于一次灾难性的情报泄露事件的惊世之作
Jan 14th 2017
How America Lost Its Secrets: Edward Snowden, the Man and the Theft. By Edward Jay Epstein. Knopf; 350 pages; $27.95.
《美国是如何丢失秘密情报的:爱德华•斯诺登其人及他的情报盗窃》作者爱德华·杰·爱普斯坦。克诺夫出版社;350页;27.95美元。
THE effects of Edward Snowden’s heist of secrets from America’s National Security Agency (NSA) in 2013 can be divided into the good, the bad and the ugly, writes Edward Jay Epstein in a meticulousand devastating account of the worst intelligence disaster in the country’s history, “How America Lost Its Secrets”.
爱德华·斯诺登2013年从美国国家安全局(NSA)窃取情报带来的影响可分为三类:好的、坏的和丑陋的,爱德华·杰·爱普斯坦这样写道。他在《美国是如何失去秘密情报的》一书中对这次美国历史上最严重的情报灾难作了详细阐述。
heist [haɪst] :n.盗窃
divide [dɪ'vaɪd] :v.划分,分成
meticulous [mə'tɪkjələs] : adj.一丝不苟的
devastate ['devəsteɪt] : v.(令某人)极度震惊,破坏,摧毁
intelligence [ɪn'telɪdʒ(ə)ns] :n.智力,情报工作
Even that categorisation is contentious. Mr Snowden’s fans do not believe he did anything wrong at all: he simply lifted the lid on a rogue agency, risking his liberty on behalf of privacy everywhere. For their part, his foes believe his actions lack any justification: he is a traitor masquerading as a whistle-blower, who exposed no wrongdoing but did colossal damage.
他的这种分类也是有争议的。斯诺登的粉丝们认为他并没有做错什么:他只是冒着失去个人自由的危险,为了所有人的隐私权益,揭开了流氓机构的真面目。但对于他的反对者来说,他的行动完全缺乏合理性:他是一个伪装成检举者的叛国者,他的行为看似完全正当却造成了巨大的伤害。
categorisation [,kætɪɡərɪ'zeʃən] :分类,加以类别
rogue [rəʊg] :胡作非为,无赖
behalf [bɪ'hɑːf] :n.代表,利益
foe [fəʊ] :n.敌人,反对者
masquerade [,mɑːskə'reɪd] :vi.n.化装,伪装
These stances rest more on faith than facts. Their adherents regard as secondary the details of Mr Snowden’s career, and the means by which he took millions of pieces of top-secret information from the NSA’s computers. More important for such people is whether you trust American and other Westerninstitutions, or regard them as inherently corrupt and oppressive.
这些立场更多建立在信念的基础上,而非事实。斯诺登的拥护者认为他的职业细节和他从国安局获取数百万份绝密信息的方式是次要的。对这些人来说,更重要的是你是信任美国的和其他西方国家的机构,还是认定它们天生是腐败和压迫性的。
adherent [əd'hɪər(ə)nt] :n.信徒,追随者
secondary ['sek(ə)nd(ə)rɪ] :adj.第二的,次要的
institution [ɪnstɪ'tjuːʃ(ə)n] :n.机构
corrupt [kə'rʌpt] :adj.腐败的,贪污的
oppressive [ə'presɪv] :adj.压迫的,沉重的
Mr Snowden’s fans believe that the authorities, especially intelligence agencies, lie about everything. Nothing they say about the case can be believed. Any peculiarities—such as inconsistencies in Mr Snowden’s public statements, or the fact that he now lives in Moscow as a guest of Russia’s security service, the FSB, are mere side-issues, easily explicable by exigency and urgency. For his foes, nothing Mr Snowden says is trustworthy, whereas statements made by officials are true.
斯诺登的追随者们认为政府当局,尤其是情报部门,对所有事情都没说过真话,它们对该案的一切说法都不可信。本案任何疑点都是细枝末节——如斯诺登的公开发言前后矛盾、他本人现在确实也作为俄罗斯安全机构(FSB)的访客而居住于莫斯科,但这些都可以简单地用情况危急来解释。而斯诺登的反对者们认为斯诺登没有一句话是值得相信的,而官方的发言句句属实。
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